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Here are 10 Good Trees Gone Bad

Here are 10 Good Trees Gone Bad Planting the wrong tree in the wrong place is a guarantee for future tree removal. Tree removal is, at best, expensive to buy and can be very dangerous if you decide to do it yourself - plus it is back breaking work. A lot of trouble and anxiety can be avoided by planting the appropriate tree in your yard to start with. Bad Tree Characteristics All trees have good and bad characteristics. It is a rare tree that will satisfy your needs throughout its entire life span. A tree can outgrow its original purpose very quickly or grow into its intended purpose very slowly. Understanding this concept is the key to proper tree planting in your yard. Ask yourself these questions when selecting a yard tree: Do I want a trees fruit and leaves to deal with as it matures? Am I willing to plant a fast growing tree but eventually have to deal with its constantly breaking and sprouting from roots? Do I have the space for a large and spreading tree? Trees People Regret Planting Here are ten trees that many homeowners have regretted planting. Think long and hard before planting these trees in your yard.Hackberry  - Although Celtis occidentalis is an important tree in regions where alkaline soils are problematic, it is a poor substitute  when other species are options. The tree has weak wood and messy in the landscape. It grows very large and hard to manage in the landscape. Norway Maple  - Acer platanoides was introduced into North Ameria over 200 years ago and has aggressively spread taking over native maple populations. The invasive nature of the tree degrades most landscapes over time. Silver Maple  -  Acer saccharinum is a maple with some of the weakest wood of the native North American maple. It  has a very short natural life and suffers continually from breakage and disease. Mimosa   -  Albizia julibrissin  or silk tree is a warm-climate invasive exotic and was widely planted for its beautiful flower and beauty in the landscape. It is subject to a major wilt disease and very messy in the landscape. Lombardy poplar   -  Populus nigra  Ã‚  is a North American exotic with absolutely no redeeming  features according to most horticulturists. It has been planted mainly as a windbreak but is short-lived and quickly loses even that ability. Leyland cypress  -  Cupressocyparis leylandii  has been widely planted as hedges over the last three decades. It is now out of favor to plant in all but the most expansive   landscapes. Planting them too close and a major disease makes them undesirable in the urban landscape.   Pin Oak  -  Quercus palustris is actually a very beautiful tree under optimal conditions. Like Leyland cypress, the oak needs a large area in maturity and is subject sensitive  to many soil  conditions common to many yards and landscapes. Cottonwood  -  Populus deltoides   is another weak-wooded tree, messy, massive and has an overwhelming spring shedding of reproductive parts. It still is a favorite  where trees are scarce. Willow  -  Salix  spp. is a beautiful weeping tree in the right landscape, especially in wetlands and near aquatic ecosystems. For these same reasons, it does not make a desirable yard tree because of the need for space and for its destructive tendency to destroy water pipes. Black Locust  -  Robinia pseudoacacia  has a place on our native forests, and even there can become invasive. This tree of thorns really has no place in a landscape enjoyed by visitors. It is also a heavy sprouter/seeder and can quickly overtake even large landscapes.

Constructivism learning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Constructivism learning - Research Paper Example Constructivism allows the learners to participate actively in the learning process as they get the opportunity to share what they think of a topic. Unlike in the traditional method of learning where the teacher gives all the information to the students, constructivism allows the students to ask questions and even discuss amongst themselves. They relate what they learn with their experiences and relationships and develop a clear understanding of themselves and what they learn.Discussing with each other also makes it easy to understand what they learn. The mode of learning also provides a platform where the students can ask the teacher questions in case they do not understand a concept. Constructivism also helps students to develop a high self-esteem because the teachers believe in their ability to gain and interpret knowledge. The traditional method of learning only allowed students to believe what the teacher taught them without any question. The students believed that what the teach er taught them was the final word, and they were not allowed to debate about it, regardless of whether they knew it was wrong. Constructivism, however, gives the learners a chance question what they learn and even develop new concepts that suit them. They do this by researching widely in the libraries or on the internet. Constructivism ensures that all the students are treated in a fair manner. It encourages all the students to participate in learning, regardless of whether they are sure about the topic of discussion or not.

Survey Development Project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Survey Development Project - Assignment Example The beginning of Boston included events such as the Boston massacre, Boston Tea Party, Boston Siege, and the Battle of Bunker Hill. After the establishment, Boston attracted many settlers from without because it became an interregional center for education, medicine, socialization, and business (Chowdhury, 2012). The city was a regional leader in innovation and economic development. The changes that occurred in Boston made the population grow very fast with the influx of immigrants and investors. The groups that migrated to Boston included Germans, Syrians, French, Canadians, and Haitians, among others. This migration made a blend of many ethnic communities, which changed the operations and interactions of the city drastically (Byrne & Deane, 2011). Boston has a population of 645,966 people, about 10% of Massachusetts’ population, which is 6,708,874 (Love & Sajatovic, 2011). Over half of Boston’s population is made up of Caucasian people, a quarter African-Americans, Hispanic Latinos 17.5, and 8.9% Asians, and American Indians 0.4 (McCuskee, 2012). This makes Boston a blend of many cultures with variations in belief systems and values. The Boston Haitians started to migrate to Boston in the 20thcentury. They were fleeing the dictatorship of Francois Duvalier (commonly known as Papa Doc). Today, the population of Haitians in Boston is only third in United States after Florida and New York (Johnson, 2015). In 2005, for example, there were 40,000 Haitians in Massachusetts. The paper illustrates how Haitians are treated in the medical sector in Boston. The focus is specifically on mental health with a specific focus on the contributions of cultural beliefs. This study will be done among the Boston Haitians with the involvement of professionals in medicine, sociology, and history. This survey explains the approaches to the treatment of the Haitians by the healthcare providers in Boston. The research aims at finding the disadvantages that

Cost Accounting. A managerial emphasis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cost Accounting. A managerial emphasis - Essay Example This in turn drive up fixed costs due to imperfect factor substitution as managers turn to other less efficient activities or resources to substitute the activity that is used as the cost driver. The fixed cost is in turn costed over a lower level of activity, making the activity seem costly when in fact it might be a lucrative market or product (Doogar, 2001). Q12. In activity based management, cost driver analysis, cause-and-effect diagram, pareto analysis, and performance measurement are performed. Activity based analysis examines, quantifies, and explains the effects of the cost driver on the cost of an activity. Cause-and-effect diagram maps out causes that affect an activity, process, stated problem, or outcome. In pareto analysis, histogram of cost drivers that contribute to the total cost is constructed. Performance measurement identifies the work performed and the results achieved by an activity process or organizational unit (Porter, 2006). Q13. Andrew Carnegie installed weigh scales at all points in his mills to see whether material was saved or not. Rather than checking quality after the products have been produced, Edward Deming's ideas of Total Quality Management propounded a cease in dependence on mass inspections-quality must be designed and built into the processes, preventing defects rather than attempting to detect and fix them after they have occurred.

Animal Cruelty effects and relating laws

Animal Cruelty effects and relating laws Different types of animal cruelty have ee around for many years. Laws relating to animal cruelty vary from state to state. As of 2009, about forty-six states  have some felony provisions in their anti-cruelty and/or animal fighting laws (Wisch, 2005). As time passes and new things are being invented, people seem to loose interest in their pets. Even though people use animals for their testing/experiments, there are other ways to get a solution to something. Scientist and many others, find it easier and safer to test on animals than to test on other possible sources. They test products such as makeup, and cologne. They also use animal fur for designer clothing other types of fashion. Innocent animals are being used for useless products that we can live without. Many animals die due to different types of crucial testing. They suffer by going through several procedures. The goal is not to patch up ailing people but to use the human tissues in place of mice, dogs or other lab animals for testing new drugs, cosmetics and other products (New York Times, nd). With the donation of human cells, animal testing will be reduced. This way is safer can be both suited for animals and humans. If the animal- rights movement had a bible, it is Singers 1975 book, Animal Liberation  (New York Times, Jan. 15, pg 30).  Singer calls many of the attitudes human beings have toward other animals speciesism, a concept which can be found throughout history ( Gargaro, 1991). Humans are just like animals as far as feeling pain. Eight billion animals are killed each year in this country for food. More than a thousand animals are killed and shipped to groceries stores to be bought. Slaughtering of cows, pigs, and other animals, happen everyday because consumers keep purchasing meat. Animals on todays factory farms are kept in crowded, filthy enclosures and denied everything natural and enjoyable to them. Most of them have no legal protection from cruelty that would be illegal if it were inflicted on  dogs  or  cats. There are some fruits or vegetables that can give the same protein as meat. The  Humane Slaughter Act  requires that animals be rendered unconscious with one swift application of a stunning device before slaughter.  Animals in slaughterhouses can smell the stench, hear the sounds and often see the slaughter of those before them. As the animals struggle from fright, the human workers who are pressured to keep the lines moving quickly often react with impatience towards the animals.   Numerous cases of deliberate cruelty have been reported including workers who took sadistic pleasure from shooting the eyes out of cattle, striking them in the head, and electrically shocking them in sensitive areas of their bodies. As for the chemistry of the central nervous and endocrine systems, there is no difference between humans and other animals. All free-range, factory-farmed, egg-laying, dairy-producing, or wool-bearing animals that dont first die from disease are trucked to the slaughterhouse.   To minimize costs, animals are crowded and must live in each others excrement.   They are exposed to extreme weather conditions in the open trucks.   Shipping fever, which can be fatal, is common in cattle transported long distances to the feedlots, the stockyards and then the slaughterhouse (Compassionate Action Institute, nd). Animal cruelty can be either deliberate abuse or simply the failure to take care of an animal. Either way, and whether the animal is a pet, a farm animal, or wildlife, the victim can suffer terribly. People with emotional problems may beat, shoot, or stab animals or set them on fire. Neglect is not giving an animal the right food, water, shelter or vet care. Their misery goes on for so long; animals who die of neglect can suffer just as much as animals who are harmed on purpose. All U.S. states have animal cruelty laws, and 47 states treat some forms of abuse as felonies.  Farmers  and  researchers  can do cruel things to animals that other people cant do legally, but all states have some protection for pets like dogs and cats. There are different cases in animal cruelty, for example cockfighting and dog fighting. Animal cruelty has not gone away. In Brea, California, 85 children, ages ranging from kindergarten through 12th grade, witnessed a cow being slaughtered at Carbon Canyon Christian School, according to PETA Action Alerts. The rational for having the students witness this cruel act was that they could see this act, instead of only experiencing it through the books they had read during the year. Chances are if an animal is being abused and there is a child in that household, then the child is also being abused. Chances are that a child abus ing an animal can grow up to be someone who commits other violent crimes. Studies also found that a history of animal abuse was found in 25% of male criminals, 30% of convicted child molesters, 36% of domestic violence cases and 46% of homicide cases (The National Animal Abuse Registry, nd). While prosecution of animal cruelty cases is generally considered the exclusive purview of law enforcement, veterinarians who routinely examine and treat sick and injured animals occupy a unique role in the legal process of identifying cruelty and bringing its perpetrators to justice. People engage in animal cruelty, otherwise known as animal abuse, in every city throughout the world. There are many reasons why people mistreat animals some individuals act on sadistic desires others act unintentionally, harming animals with their carelessness. But the true abuse is systemic, involving the choices we make as a collective. Animals are used as dummies because people think they arent harming anyone by doing so. In the past few years, organizations and individuals have been using the power of the internet to spread awareness of animal cruelty facts a great sign considering animal abuse will only continue on a massive scale until enough people come face-to-face with the statistics. To fight this abomination, activists, scientists, authors, lawyers, and politicians have sacrificed their valuable time and money, occasionally their lives, to save suffering animals. With gratitude to those who accumulate animal cruelty facts and educate the populace, people are finally ta king notice of suffering animals and the mistreatment they undergo.

Does Quantum Mechanics Force us to give up Determinism? :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Does Quantum Mechanics Force us to give up Determinism? 1. Definition of terms and endeavor 1.1 Unpredictability versus Indeterminacy Consider a pendulum and assume we describe its state s(t) at time t solely by the position of its bob . For simplicity suppose also that time is quantized in multiples of the basic time unit 1. If kept unperturbed, the pendulum’s motion is periodic ; thus any state s(t) will be be achieved infinitely many times. Assume for instance that s(t1)=s(t2). Does this imply s(t1+1)=s(t2+1) ? Clearly, there can be no such implication, since we do not know the velocity of the bob at the two times in question. Therefore, the system as described here is indeterministic. We might, however, imagine a description of the state in terms of more parameters ; with respect to this more extensive characterization the system might turn out to be deterministic. In that case, if we were given the parameters q1,q2, q3,...qn-1 qn,we would be able to predict the state s(q1,q2, q3,...qn-1 qn, t+1) at time t+1 from our knowledge of the state s(q1,q2, q3,...qn-1 qn,t) at time t. 1.2 The difficulty of establishing non-determinism The example illustrates the difference between unpredictability and non-determinism. If insufficiently characterized, the pendulum’s motion is unpredictable. However, this does not preclude the existence of a complete description s(q1,q2, q3,...qn-1 qn,t) of the pendulum’s states that will make the system deterministic. Unfortunately this means that it is very difficult to prove that a system is truly non-deterministic. Proving that a process is deterministic requires the more straightforward (though possibly very difficult) task of specifying the complete set of descriptive parameters for a state together with the rules by which we can obtain one state from the preceding ; proving that a process is non-deterministic, however, requires us to prove that no such complete description and set of rules can be found, whether in practice or in theory. Due to this difficulty, our philosophy of physics professor would be unlikely to ask his students to write an essay discussing whether or not the world behaves deterministically, or, whether or not an accurate deterministic description of the world could be found. What we can discuss, is whether or not, given some theory X, the acceptance of X as a correct description of the world entails that the world described by this theory X behaves deterministically. 1.3 Assumptions made All discussion in this essay is based on the assumption that we take

Chester Barnard’s Management Theory Essay

Management has been in our business culture many years. Ideas of management from the past are applicable to management practices today. In today’s society, managers are seen as a ruling authority that get their jobs done through other people; their employees. Most of the time there is a lack of communication between the managers and their employees resulting in conflicts that may place their company at high risk of failure. Leading and motivating should be the top priorities of a manager. Motivating includes communicating with your employees, dealing and solving problems and encouraging them to do their job to be successful in today’s management business. This all leads us to Chester Barnard’s management theory and his belief of the role of effectiveness within management. Chester Barnard was born in 1886 and died in 1961. He attended Mount Hermon Prep School and later enrolled at Harvard University. While at his position as a telecommunications executive, Bernard was influenced by Walter Gifford, Harvard President A. Lawrence Lowell, Donham. At that time, Chester was president of the New Jersey Bell Telephone Company. In his time he was known for publishing an article on ‘The Functions of the Executive in 1938’ which was an influential 20th century management book. In this article he helped advance thinking about organizations that later on contributed to the management theory. He created two theories which are Theory of Organization and Concept of Authority. â€Å"Authority is the character of a communication in a formal organization by virtue of which it is accepted by a contributor to or ‘member’ of the organization as governing the action he contributes; that is as governing or determining what he does or is not to do so far as the organization is concerned. †

Free Essays on The Juice In Sports

The Juice in Sports There has been a controversy for many years in sports. Athletes have always wanted to get that little extra boost in energy. They want to become a bigger and much stronger person. The logical thing would be to go to the gym, and work out like everybody else does. Some athletes think that they can get away with doing other things, such as energy booster, muscle gainers, and other drinks that boost energy. For many years athletes have been taking illegal drugs and been getting away with too. Now there have been investigations for all the illegal drugs. Athletes have been becoming more uptight with this situation. The media has been playing a big part in all of the fiasco. They want to interview and ask all of these questions to the big name players about illegal drugs, and steroids. Of course, all of the players are going to deny that they have been taking them. So the media will keep hounding them, and stucking them until they come out and say that they did take steroids. Everybody k now that an athlete will not tell the world that he or she has been taking steroids, or illegal drugs. If they did, it would send a message to all of the athlete’s fans saying that it is okay to take illegal drug because I am taking them. When everybody knows that all of those types of drugs are bad for your body, and your mind. It is unhealthy, and defiantly not a safe thing to do. That’s why all of these types of substances are banded from all types of sports. People want athletes to do what they do at a normal, and level playing field. There are some people out there that think steroids are not bad for you. Most of them want to prove that all of these types of drugs are bad, and should not be used in any level of sports. There has been controversy over the year’s weather or not athletes have been using steroids. This year it has finally reached a peak. In Major League Baseball, the players union went to the Supreme Court in... Free Essays on The Juice In Sports Free Essays on The Juice In Sports The Juice in Sports There has been a controversy for many years in sports. Athletes have always wanted to get that little extra boost in energy. They want to become a bigger and much stronger person. The logical thing would be to go to the gym, and work out like everybody else does. Some athletes think that they can get away with doing other things, such as energy booster, muscle gainers, and other drinks that boost energy. For many years athletes have been taking illegal drugs and been getting away with too. Now there have been investigations for all the illegal drugs. Athletes have been becoming more uptight with this situation. The media has been playing a big part in all of the fiasco. They want to interview and ask all of these questions to the big name players about illegal drugs, and steroids. Of course, all of the players are going to deny that they have been taking them. So the media will keep hounding them, and stucking them until they come out and say that they did take steroids. Everybody k now that an athlete will not tell the world that he or she has been taking steroids, or illegal drugs. If they did, it would send a message to all of the athlete’s fans saying that it is okay to take illegal drug because I am taking them. When everybody knows that all of those types of drugs are bad for your body, and your mind. It is unhealthy, and defiantly not a safe thing to do. That’s why all of these types of substances are banded from all types of sports. People want athletes to do what they do at a normal, and level playing field. There are some people out there that think steroids are not bad for you. Most of them want to prove that all of these types of drugs are bad, and should not be used in any level of sports. There has been controversy over the year’s weather or not athletes have been using steroids. This year it has finally reached a peak. In Major League Baseball, the players union went to the Supreme Court in...

Definition and Examples of Linguistic Competence

Definition and Examples of Linguistic Competence The term linguistic competence refers to the unconscious knowledge of grammar that allows a speaker to use and understand a language. Also known as grammatical competence or I-language.  Contrast with linguistic performance. As used by Noam Chomsky and other linguists, linguistic competence is not an evaluative term. Rather, it refers to the innate linguistic knowledge that allows a person to match sounds and meanings. In  Aspects of the Theory of Syntax  (1965), Chomsky wrote, We thus make a fundamental distinction between competence  (the speaker-hearers knowledge of his language) and performance  (the actual use of language in concrete situations). Examples and Observations Linguistic competence constitutes knowledge of language, but that knowledge is tacit, implicit. This means that people do not have conscious access to the principles and rules that govern the combination of sounds, words, and sentences; however, they do recognize when those rules and principles have been violated. . . . For example, when a person judges that the sentence John said that Jane helped himself is ungrammatical, it is because the person has tacit knowledge of the grammatical principle that reflexive pronouns must refer to an NP in the same clause. (Eva M. Fernandez and Helen Smith Cairns, Fundamentals of Psycholinguistics. Wiley-Blackwell, 2011) Linguistic Competence and Linguistic Performance In [Noam] Chomskys theory, our linguistic competence is our unconscious knowledge of languages and is similar in some ways to [Ferdinand de] Saussures concept of langue, the organizing principles of a language. What we actually produce as utterances is similar to Saussures parole, and is called linguistic performance. The difference between linguistic competence and linguistic performance can be illustrated by slips of the tongue, such as noble tons of soil for noble sons of toil. Uttering such a slip doesnt mean that we dont know English but rather that weve simply made a mistake because we were tired, distracted, or whatever. Such errors also arent evidence that you are (assuming you are a native speaker) a poor English speaker or that you dont know English as well as someone else does. It means that linguistic performance is different from linguistic competence. When we say that someone is a better speaker than someone else (Martin Luther King, Jr., for example, was a terrific ora tor, much better than you might be), these judgements tell us about performance, not competence. Native speakers of a language, whether they are famous public speakers or not, dont know the language any better than any other speaker in terms of linguistic competence. (Kristin Denham and Anne Lobeck, Linguistics for Everyone. Wadsworth, 2010) Two language users may have the same program for carrying out specific tasks of production and recognition, but differ in their ability to apply it because of exogenous differences (such as short-term memory capacity). The two are accordingly equally language-competent but not necessarily equally adept at making use of their competence. The linguistic competence of a human being should accordingly be identified with that individuals internalized program for production and recognition. While many linguists would identify the study of this program with the study of performance rather than competence, it should be clear that this identification is mistaken since we have deliberately abstracted away from any consideration of what happens when a language user actually attempts to put the program to use. A major goal of the psychology of language is to construct a viable hypothesis as to the structure of this program . . .. (Michael B. Kac, Grammars and Grammaticality. John Benjamins, 1992)

Evaluate the effectiveness of the Strengths and Difficulties Essay

Evaluate the effectiveness of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for measuring emotional andor behavioural difficulties in children or adolescents - Essay Example This paper is going to account for a survey conducted on the basis of particular objectives. The SDQ acts a psychometric tool to assess multifaceted academic as well as nonacademic parameters for defining the self. (Rush et al., p. 370) As a behavioural screening instrument, the SDQ has earned itself an international status by virtue of its effectiveness. Extensive research studies and surveys are carried out prior to an SDQ so that all probable measuring constructs are utilised to their fullest potential. The calculative scales include 1) Emotional symptoms, 2) Conduct problems, 3) Hyperactivity / Inattention, 4) Peer problems and 5) Prosocial behaviour. Generally all the 5 measuring components are taken into consideration for a thorough and result-oriented investigation. (Goodman, 1997) Departing from the broader context of SDQs, this assignment zooms on the inventories obtained and used for looking into behavioural difficulties in native Australian children. Quantitative analysis is generally preferred to quantitative scoring since the former approach incorporates more statistical data. The logic behind taking a huge quantity for an authentic and reliable result is that it nullifies the risk of errors in categorisation for scores that are just above and below the accepted cut-off parameter. For example, if the cut off point for a specific diagnosis is set as 15, any score just above and below 15 (such as 14 and 16) is... The indigenous grouping was preferred to random selection on the basis of social and psychological relatedness among the candidates. They were picked from urban areas and outskirts of Western Australia. (Western Australia Aboriginal Child Health Survey, 2007) The teacher report was designed as per the standardised measuring scale format, including the previously mentioned 25 psychological attributes. The teacher version of the questionnaire demonstrated credibility as far as representing the community sample is concerned, and it also identified different classes of disorders within the non-subjective sample. (Muris et al., 1-8) Based on the findings, the total Strength and Difficulties score arrayed from 0 to 40. Those who aggregated scores between 0 and 13 were classified into low risk category; those who aggregated scores between 14 and 16 were grouped under moderate risk and the rest scoring between 17 and 40 were reported to have high risk as far as emotional and/or behavioural difficulties was concerned. Needless to mention, the high risk category needed special clinical attention. In this project, scores obtained the first 4 of the 5 scales were amassed initially to measure the Strength and Difficulties sum score. The following table illustrates on this furthermore: SDQ Teacher Rated Score Sheet: Total Difficulties Score (25 Items) Emotional Symptoms Scale (Score Range 0-10) Not True Somewhat True Certainly True Score Often complains of headaches, stomach-aches Many worries, often seems worried Often unhappy, depressed or tearful Nervous or clingy in alien situation Many fears, easily scared Total= Conduct Problems Scale (Score Range 0-10) Not True Somewhat True Certainly True Score Often has temper tantrums or hot

Who are the Arabs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Who are the Arabs - Essay Example Rodinson’s (1981) claim can therefore be valid for myriad reasons, foremost being their ‘Arab identity and their awareness of being Arab’ (p45). Rodinson’s definition of Arab is also important because it helps to give distinct identity to people who may be from other races but follow and identify with the fundamentals of Arabic culture and religion. As he elaborates that Egyptians and Lebanese Christians believe that they are Arabs by Arabian ideology (p7). Thus, ideological beliefs of Arabians have also evolved to encompass and bestow identity of Arab to non Islamic descendents who may not even speak Arabic. The criteria of following traits and traditions of Islam that broadly defines Arabic culture therefore becomes one of the vital ingredients for having an Arabic nationality. Halim Barakat (1993) also corroborates with broader description of Arab as defined by Rodinson. His asserts that Arab should contextualization become major factor while identifying Arabs. According to him, it allows one to ‘connect similarities as well as distinctive differences’ (p1). It incorporates the heterogeneity as well as plurality and helps one to assert one’s identity as an ‘Arab’. Indeed Barakat’s elicitation is hugely relevant as it emphasizes and recognizes the need for evolving civilization. The need to adapt to socio-religious and cultural paradigms become critical issues for evolving societies. For Arabs, it could be more logical because they cannot be confined within defined land or geographical area but the knowledge gained through religious ideologies and practice can certainly provide them with distinct identity of being ‘Arab’. ‘Arab’ has wide connotations and cannot be bound by linguistic or land. It is a conglomeration of people from different place having similar ideologies and beliefs. It is a ‘nationality’ within